Child tax credit: FAQ

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What is the child tax credit?

Who qualifies for the child tax credit?

How much is the child tax credit?

What is the advance child tax credit?

What is the difference between the child tax credit and the child and dependent care credit?

Are there any recent changes with child tax credit legislation?

Which tax software can accountants use for calculating the child tax credit?

The child tax credit is a tax benefit provided by the U.S. federal government to help families with the cost of raising children. It is designed to provide financial assistance to eligible parents or guardians, ultimately reducing their federal income tax liability. 

As an effective tool in providing financial support to American families, the child tax credit is often seen as a lifeline for parents. By reducing overall tax liability, it can offer substantial tax relief. 

In recent years, the child tax credit has undergone significant changes, thus demonstrating the importance of keeping pace with ever-changing tax legislation. For accountants, understanding the intricacies of the child tax credit can have a meaningful impact on the families you serve. 

Let’s take a look at some commonly asked questions related to the child tax credit.  

What is the child tax credit?  

The child tax credit is a financial benefit designed to provide assistance to families with dependent children. It is a form of tax relief that helps eligible families reduce their tax liability and potentially receive a refund if the credit exceeds their tax owed.  

This credit recognizes the financial responsibilities that come with raising children and aims to alleviate some of the economic burden for families. 

Who qualifies for the child tax credit?  

You can claim the child tax credit for each qualifying child who has a Social Security number that is valid for employment in the United States. 

To be a qualifying child for the 2022 tax year, your dependent generally must: 

• Be under age 17 at the end of the year 
• Be your son, daughter, stepchild, eligible foster child, brother, sister, stepbrother, stepsister, half-brother, half-sister, or a descendant of one of these (for example, a grandchild, niece or nephew) 
• Provide no more than half of their own financial support during the year 
• Have lived with you for more than half the year 
• Be properly claimed as your dependent on your tax return 
• Not file a joint return with their spouse for the tax year or file it only to claim a refund of withheld income tax or estimated tax paid 
• Have been a U.S. citizen, U.S. national or U.S. resident alien

Some individuals may be able to claim the credit even if they don’t normally file a tax return. Parents and guardians with higher incomes may be eligible to claim a partial credit. 

To see if you or your client qualifies for the child tax credit, use the IRS Interactive Tax Assistant. 

Can both parents claim the child tax credit?  

In cases of divorced or separated parents, determining who can claim the child tax credit can get complicated.  

Generally, the custodial parent—meaning the parent with whom the child lives for the majority of the year—claims the credit. However, there are situations where the non-custodial parent may be eligible to claim the credit if certain conditions are met, such as when the custodial parent agrees to waive their claim or when it’s stipulated in a divorce decree or separation agreement. 

Divorced or separated parents may want to seek legal advice to ensure the appropriate party claims the credit, as an improper claim could lead to issues with the IRS. 

How much is the child tax credit?  

The amount of the child tax credit has varied over the years due to legislative adjustments. 

You qualify for the full amount of the 2022 child tax credit for each qualifying child if you meet all eligibility factors and your annual income is not more than $200,000 ($400,000 if filing a joint return). 

Parents and guardians with higher incomes may be eligible to claim a partial credit. 

To get the latest information on the child tax credit amount, visit https://www.irs.gov/credits-deductions/individuals/child-tax-credit.  

What is the advance child tax credit?  

The advance child tax credit is a recent development aimed at providing eligible families with regular, advanced payments of a portion of the child tax credit. This was introduced as a way to provide more immediate financial support to families, especially in light of economic challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic.  

Families that qualify for the advance child tax credit receive periodic payments—usually monthly—from July through December of the tax year. These payments are based on information from the previous tax return, but changes in circumstances, such as the birth of a child, should be reported to the IRS to ensure accurate payments. 

What do I need to know about Letter 6419?  

IRS Letter 6419 is a communication sent to taxpayers who have received advance child tax credit payments. This letter provides important information about the payments, including the total amount received during the year and other details related to tax credits. It is essential for taxpayers to retain this letter for their records and to help accurately complete their tax return. 

Failure to report these payments properly could lead to discrepancies, potentially triggering IRS audits or other issues. 

Can you get a child tax credit for an unborn child?  

On a federal tax return, the child tax credit generally applies to children who have been born during the tax year. 

However, changes to legislation could impact this eligibility. In the past, there have been discussions about extending certain benefits, like the child tax credit, to include unborn children at state level.  

As with all tax legislation, accountants must be sure to keep up with changes to the child tax credit at the state and federal level. 

What is the difference between the child tax credit and the child and dependent care tax credit? 

The child tax credit and the child and dependent care tax credit are different, however, both provide financial relief to families with children.  

The child tax credit is designed to provide financial assistance to families with qualifying children under the age of 17 to help with the costs of raising children.  

The child and dependent care tax credit is intended to help families cover the costs of child care or dependent care expenses, allowing parents to work or actively seek employment.  

As an accountant, understanding the details of each of these tax credits is crucial to helping your clients maximize their tax benefits and provide a secure foundation for their families.  

Are there any recent changes with child tax credit legislation? 

Legislation related to tax credits, including the child tax credit, can change over time based on the priorities of the governing administration and the prevailing economic conditions.  

Recently, a bipartisan house bill was introduced to expand child care tax credits. The Child Care Investment Act (HR 4571) is designed to take a three-pronged approach to reducing child care costs and improving access to assistance for working and middle-class families.  

The proposed bill increases employer-provided child care credit from 25% to 50% and raises the max credit amount from $150,000 to $500,000. Small businesses would be eligible for a 60% rate with a max amount of $600,000. The credit is calculated based on qualifying child care expenditures plus 10% of qualified child care resource and referral service expenditures spent by employers. 

Proposed legislation like this demonstrates why it’s important to stay informed on evolving tax legislation related to the child tax credit.  

As an accountant, your clients rely on you to help them mitigate risk and maximize their tax benefits. The child tax credit is a powerful tool in this effort as it can offset some of the costs associated with raising children.  

How can I help clients claim children on taxes?  

The child tax credit serves as a valuable resource for families in alleviating some of the financial challenges associated with raising children. Assisting clients with the child tax credit requires a comprehensive understanding of related tax laws and regulations, as well as a tailored approach to each client’s unique financial situation.  

Here are seven steps to help your clients maximize the child tax credit:  

1. Begin by explaining the eligibility criteria for the child tax credit, including the child’s age, relationship, residency, and other requirements. Ensure your clients understand who qualifies as a dependent child for tax purposes. 
2. Calculate the child tax credit amount (Schedule 8812 on Form 1040) based on your client’s specific circumstances, including the number of eligible children and their ages. Be aware of any changes in the credit amount due to recent legislation or tax law updates. 
3. If applicable, discuss whether your client received advance monthly payments of the child tax credit in the tax year. Advise them on how these payments will impact their tax return and whether any additional steps are needed. 
4. Assess your client’s income (Form 1040) to determine if they are subject to the phaseout of the child tax credit. Understand the income thresholds for the tax year and how they affect the credit amount. 
5. Explain the concept of refundability for the child tax credit. Clients should understand that a portion of the credit may be refundable, potentially resulting in a tax refund even if they have no tax liability. 
6. Work with your clients to strategize how to maximize their child tax credit while minimizing their overall tax liability. Consider the impact of other tax credits and deductions on their tax situation. 
7. Emphasize the importance of maintaining accurate records and documentation (Form 2441) to support their child tax credit claim. This includes ensuring that children have valid Social Security numbers. 

As a tax professional, assisting your clients with claiming children on their taxes involves staying informed. With shifting IRS regulations and the need for error-free documentation, more and more accountants are turning to scan-and-populate solutions that automate the tax preparation process and integrate with AI-powered tax research tools. 

Which tax software can accountants use for calculating the child tax credit?  

If you’re an accountant looking to help your clients accurately claim the child tax credit, SurePrep’s integration with Thomson Reuters UltraTax CS® and GoSystem Tax RS can help you reduce manual data entry and maximize tax benefits. 

The AI-powered combination of 1040SCAN, SPbinder, and TaxCaddy integrate with your existing tax software to automate each phase of the tax prep process. Together with Checkpoint Edge, you can be sure you are properly interpreting IRS tax legislation in an ever-changing landscape.